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    <item rdf:about="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10664-013-9277-5">        <title>HAZOP-based identification of events in use cases</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/publications/h4u2013</link>        <description>  Completeness is one of the main quality attributes of requirements specifications. If functional requirements are expressed as use cases, one can be interested in event completeness. A use case is event complete if it contains description of all the events that can happen when executing the use case. Missing events in any use case can lead to higher project costs. Thus, the question arises of what is a good method of identification of events in use cases and what accuracy and review speed one can expect from it. The goal of this study was to check if (1) HAZOP-based event identification is more effective than  ad hoc  review and (2) what is the review speed of these two approaches. Two controlled experiments were conducted in order to evaluate  ad hoc  approach and H4U method to event identification. The first experiment included 18 students, while the second experiment was conducted with the help of 82 professionals. In both cases, accuracy and review speed of the investigated methods were measured and analyzed. Moreover, the usage of HAZOP keywords was analyzed. In both experiments, a benchmark specification based on use cases was used. The first experiment with students showed that a HAZOP-based review is more effective in event identification than  ad hoc  review and this result is statistically significant. However, the reviewing speed of HAZOP-based reviews is lower. The second experiment with professionals confirmed these results. These experiments showed also that event completeness is hard to achieve. It on average ranged from 0.15 to 0.26. HAZOP-based identification of events in use cases is an useful alternative to  ad hoc  reviews. It can achieve higher event completeness at the cost of an increase in effort.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>HAZOP</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>controlled experiment</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>software quality</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2016-08-20T17:29:54Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Article Reference</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/uc-sketch-goes-online">        <title>UC-Sketch goes online</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/uc-sketch-goes-online</link>        <description>We have just published a new tool that supports analyst in writing use-case scenarios. Check it out!</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>pattern</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use-case transaction</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2012-07-28T20:15:38Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database/use-case-based-effort-estimation">        <title>Use-Case-Based Effort Estimation Database (UCEEDB)</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database/use-case-based-effort-estimation</link>        <description>This database provides data required to estimate effort based on use cases (Use Case Points, Transactions, TTPoints etc.)</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>use case points</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>ttpoints</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use-case transaction</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2011-01-11T16:15:07Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Folder</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/publications/ra4-10">        <title>RA 04/10: Constructing Partial Domain-Models for Functional Size Measurement with TTPoints</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/publications/ra4-10</link>        <description></description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>ttpoints</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>domain model</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>SRS</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>model</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2010-09-13T12:40:07Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Techreport Reference</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/transactions-in-use-cases-nfr-and-architectural-decisions">        <title>Transactions in Use Cases, Non-functional Requirements, and Architectural Decisions</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/transactions-in-use-cases-nfr-and-architectural-decisions</link>        <description>Architectural decisions are usually considered to be influenced mainly by non-functional requirements (NFRs). It is difficult to disagree with such thesis. However, some of the decisions are not directly driven by NFRs, but by the functionality of the system. It can also happen that some of the NFRs are not explicitly defined. In this entry, you can find a checklist containing 20 questions regarding functional requirements that can help you investigate required capabilities of a system architecture.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>architectural knowledge</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>architecture evaluation</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2010-09-04T12:25:44Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/specyfikacja-wymagan-dla-systemow-informatycznych">        <title>Guideliness for Developing SRS</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/specyfikacja-wymagan-dla-systemow-informatycznych</link>        <description>We have just received permission to publish results of the project Guideliness for Developing SRS, realized in co-operation with the Poznan City Hall, which goal was to provide guideliness for development of software requirements specifications (especially when bid of tender procedure is involved).</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>quality attributes</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use case diagram</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>SRS</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>ieee830:1998</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2010-03-25T11:23:00Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/projects/consulting/um-srs">        <title>Guidelines for Developing SRS</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/projects/consulting/um-srs</link>        <description>Goal of this project, realized in co-operation with the Poznan City Hall, was to provide guidelines for development of software requirements specifications (especially when bid of tender procedure is involved).</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>iso9126</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2011-05-08T19:45:22Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Rich document</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/crud-pattern-in-use-cases">        <title>CRUD Pattern in Use Cases</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/crud-pattern-in-use-cases</link>        <description>If you have ever been writing use cases for a data-oriented system (i.e.  CMS), you have probably noticed that there is a problem with the large number of use cases like "Add an article", "Remove an article" etc. If you have all CRUD operations available for all objects in the system, you can finish with up to 4 x number-of-objects of use cases. You can reduce this number by introducing the CRUD pattern, which I would like to present you in this blog entry.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>pattern</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use case diagram</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>uml</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2010-04-07T19:35:00Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/ucd-and-uc">        <title>Use-Case Relations - Diagram and Text</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/ucd-and-uc</link>        <description>In this blog entry, I would like to show you how the relations (include, and extend) between use cases are presented on use case diagrams and how to use them in textual representations of use cases.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use case diagram</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>uml</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2010-01-24T09:11:47Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/ucp">        <title>Use Case Points</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/ucp</link>        <description>The Use Case Points (UCP) method, proposed by Gustav Karner can be used to estimate effort early in the project life-cycle, with relatively low cost. It is based on two main inputs which are actors complexity, measured based on the interface actor uses to communicate with the system; and use-case complexity measured in the number of so-called transactions in use-case scenarios. Here, I would like to present you  basic information about the original method proposed by Karner.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>effort estimation</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use case points</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>metrics</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use-case transaction</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2010-09-01T10:12:30Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/use-case-diagram">        <title>Use Case Diagram</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/use-case-diagram</link>        <description>Use cases were Ivar Jacobson's contribution to the UML notation. Although they are in most cases presented in a textual form, there is a special diagram in UML called Use Case Diagram (UCD), which is used to present their structure and associations with actors.
In this article I will try to present you all necessary information to use UCD effectively.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use case diagram</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>uml</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2009-12-22T09:54:15Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/introduction-to-use-cases">        <title>Introduction to Use Cases</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-engineering-blog/introduction-to-use-cases</link>        <description>Use cases, introduced by Ivar Jacobson more than 20 years ago, are used to capture user (actor) point of view while describing functional requirements of the system. In this brief article I would like to present you an overview of them (what are they, what are the most important parts of use-case model etc.)</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>requirements engineering</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2009-12-19T12:05:19Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Blog Entry</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database/use-cases-database-ucdb/use-cases-database-ucdb">        <title>Use Cases Database (UCDB)</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database/use-cases-database-ucdb/use-cases-database-ucdb</link>        <description>The goal of UCDB is to collect use-case-based requirements specification from real software projects.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>metrics</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>benchmark</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2009-12-09T07:28:47Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Rich document</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database/use-cases-database-ucdb">        <title>Use Cases Database (UCDB)</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database/use-cases-database-ucdb</link>        <description>The goal of UCDB is to collect use-case-based requirements specification from real software projects.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>benchmark</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2009-11-05T11:38:12Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Folder</dc:type>    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database">        <title>Database of Software Projects</title>        <link>http://se.cs.put.poznan.pl/knowledge-base/software-projects-database</link>        <description>We are trying to collect data from real software projects for research and calibration of effort estimation methods.</description>        <dc:publisher>No publisher</dc:publisher>        <dc:creator>mochodek</dc:creator>        <dc:rights></dc:rights>                    <dc:subject>benchmark</dc:subject>                    <dc:subject>use cases</dc:subject>                <dc:date>2009-11-05T11:37:49Z</dc:date>        <dc:type>Folder</dc:type>    </item>



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